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1Diagnostic Laboratory for Infectious Diseases and Perinatal Screening, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), 3720 BA Bilthoven
3Laboratory for Pathology/Immuno Biology, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), 3720 BA Bilthoven
6Research Laboratory for Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), 3720 BA Bilthoven
2Department of Pediatrics, Sophia Children's Hospital, Erasmus University Rotterdam, 3000 DR Rotterdam, The Netherlands
4Department of Microbiology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523
5Mycobacteriology Unit, Institute of Tropical Medicine Prince Leopold, Antwerp, Belgium
* Corresponding author. Mailing address:Diagnostic Laboratory for Infectious Diseases and Perinatal Screening, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, P.O. Box 1, 3720 BA Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
ABSTRACT
In an attempt to characterize an unusual mycobacterial strain isolated from a 2-year-old Somali patient with lymphadenitis, we applied various molecular methods not previously used for the taxonomic classification of mycobacteria. This isolate, designated So93, did not differ from Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the biochemical tests and in its 16S rRNA sequence, but produced smooth and glossy colonies, which is highly exceptional for this species. This smooth phenotype was unstable and switched nonreversibly to a rough colony morphology with a low frequency. The two colony types were equally virulent for the guinea pig, exhibiting characteristic tuberculous disease. Both morphotypes had shorter generation times than the M. tuberculosis reference laboratory strain H37Rv and clinical isolates of M. tuberculosis and Mycobacterium bovis. Furthermore, the So93 isolate differed from all M. tuberculosis complex strains described thus far by having only a single copy of insertion sequence IS1081, an unusual composition of the direct repeat cluster, and a characteristic phenolic glycolipid and lipooligosaccharide. This glycolipid had previously been observed only in a smooth isolate of M. tuberculosis obtained in 1969 by Canetti in France. Analysis of the Canetti strain showed that it shared virtually all genetic properties characteristic of So93, distinguishing these two strains from the known M. tuberculosis complex taxa, M. tuberculosis, Mycobacterium africanum, M. bovis, and Mycobacterium microti. The natural reservoir, host range, and mode of transmission of the group of bacteria described in this paper are presently unknown. This study, partly based on not previously used molecular criteria, supports the idea that the established members within the M. tuberculosis complex and the newly described Canetti grouping should be regarded as a single species, which likely will be designated "M. tuberculosis".
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 F Massó, A Paéz, E Varela, L D. de León, E Zenteno, and L F Montaño Collagen degrading activity associated with Mycobacterium species Thorax, May 1, 1999; 54(5): 439 - 441. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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