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Thermosipho melanesiensis sp. nov., a New Thermophilic Anaerobic Bacterium Belonging to the Order Thermotogales, Isolated from Deep-Sea Hydrothermal Vents in the Southwestern Pacific Ocean

¹Laboratoire de Biotechnologie des Microorganismes Hydrothermaux, DRV/VP, Centre IFREMER de Brest, 29280 Plouzané, France
⁴Laboratoire de Caractérisation des Microorganismes Marins, DRV/VP, Centre IFREMER de Brest, 29280 Plouzané, France
²UPR9042 CNRS, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Station Biologique de Roscoff, 29680 Roscoff, France
³L'OREAL, Recherche Avancée, DCSP, Phototoxicité, 93600 Aulnay-sous-Bois, France

^* Corresponding author. Mailing address:IFREMER, Centre de Brest, Direction Des Ressources Vivantes, Département "Valorisation des Produits," BP 70, 29280 Plouzané, France. E-mail: eantoine{at}ifremer.fr.

ABSTRACT

A new thermophilic, anaerobic rod-shaped bacterium, strain BI429^T was isolated from the gills of a deep-sea vent hydrothermal mussel, Bathymodiolus brevior, from the Lau Basin (Southwestern Pacific Ocean). Pheno-typically, this isolate exhibited characteristics similar to those described for members of the order Thermotogales. This organism was identified as a member of the genus Thermosipho on the basis of the presence of the typical outer sheath-like structure (toga), its 16S rRNA sequence, and its ability to grow on carbohydrates (sucrose, starch, glucose, maltose, lactose, cellobiose, and galactose). The cells of this organism were gram negative and rod shaped and generally occurred singly or in pairs, rarely occurring as chains with a maximum of five rods. At the optimum temperature for growth (70°C), optimum pH (6.5), and optimum salinity (30 g of NaCl per liter), the doubling time was 100 min. In spite of the high percentage of similarity of its 16S rRNA sequence with that of Thermosipho africanus (98.6%), the weak level of DNA-DNA reassociation with this strain (2%) and particular physiological characteristics allowed us to differentiate this new organism from the sole species of the genus Thermosipho previously described (T. africanus). On the basis of these observations, we propose that the new organism should be described as a new species, Thermosipho melanesiensis. The type strain of T. melanesiensis is BI429.

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