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1 Research Laboratory, Higeta Shoyu Co., Ltd., Choshi, Chiba 288, Japan
3 Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156, Japan
2 Microbial Properties Research, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Peoria, Illinois 61604
* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Research Laboratory, Higeta Shoyu Co., Ltd., 2–8 Chuo-cho, Choshi, Chiba 288, Japan. Phone: 81-479-22-1180. Fax: 81-479-24-3422. E-mail: LDX05744{at}niftyserve.or.jp.
ABSTRACT
We determined the taxonomic status of six Bacillus species (Bacillus alginolyticus, Bacillus chondroitinus, Bacillus curdlanolyticus, Bacillus glucanolyticus, Bacillus kobensis, and Bacillus thiaminolyticus) by using the results of 16S rRNA gene sequence and cellular fatty acid composition analyses. Phylogenetic analysis clustered these species closely with the Paenibacillus species. Like the Paenibacillus species, the six Bacillus species contained anteiso-C15:0 fatty acid as a major cellular fatty acid. The use of a specific PCR primer designed for differentiating the genus Paenibacillus from other members of the Bacillaceae showed that the six Bacillus species had the same amplified 16S rRNA gene fragment as members of the genus Paenibacillus. Based on these observations and other taxonomic characteristics, the six Bacillus species were transferred to the genus Paenibacillus. In addition, we propose emendation of the genus Paenibacillus.
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 L. Guardabassi, B. Perichon, J. van Heijenoort, D. Blanot, and P. Courvalin Glycopeptide Resistance vanA Operons in Paenibacillus Strains Isolated from Soil Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., October 1, 2005; 49(10): 4227 - 4233. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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K.-i. Iida, Y. Ueda, Y. Kawamura, T. Ezaki, A. Takade, S.-i. Yoshida, and K. Amako Paenibacillus motobuensis sp. nov., isolated from a composting machine utilizing soil from Motobu-town, Okinawa, Japan Int J Syst Evol Microbiol, September 1, 2005; 55(5): 1811 - 1816. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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M. Takeda, I. Suzuki, and J.-i. Koizumi Paenibacillus hodogayensis sp. nov., capable of degrading the polysaccharide produced by Sphaerotilus natans Int J Syst Evol Microbiol, March 1, 2005; 55(2): 737 - 741. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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L. A. Romanenko, M. Uchino, E. Falsen, G. M. Frolova, N. V. Zhukova, and V. V. Mikhailov Pseudomonas pachastrellae sp. nov., isolated from a marine sponge Int J Syst Evol Microbiol, March 1, 2005; 55(2): 919 - 924. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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M. M. Sanchez, D. Fritze, A. Blanco, C. Sproer, B. J. Tindall, P. Schumann, R. M. Kroppenstedt, P. Diaz, and F. I. J. Pastor Paenibacillus barcinonensis sp. nov., a xylanase-producing bacterium isolated from a rice field in the Ebro River delta Int J Syst Evol Microbiol, March 1, 2005; 55(2): 935 - 939. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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R. Rivas, P. F. Mateos, E. Martinez-Molina, and E. Velazquez Paenibacillus xylanilyticus sp. nov., an airborne xylanolytic bacterium Int J Syst Evol Microbiol, January 1, 2005; 55(1): 405 - 408. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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D.-S. Kim, C.-Y. Bae, J.-J. Jeon, S.-J. Chun, H. W. Oh, S. G. Hong, K.-S. Baek, E. Y. Moon, and K. S. Bae Paenibacillus elgii sp. nov., with broad antimicrobial activity Int J Syst Evol Microbiol, November 1, 2004; 54(6): 2031 - 2035. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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M. J. Montes, E. Mercade, N. Bozal, and J. Guinea Paenibacillus antarcticus sp. nov., a novel psychrotolerant organism from the Antarctic environment Int J Syst Evol Microbiol, September 1, 2004; 54(5): 1521 - 1526. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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N. N. North, S. L. Dollhopf, L. Petrie, J. D. Istok, D. L. Balkwill, and J. E. Kostka Change in Bacterial Community Structure during In Situ Biostimulation of Subsurface Sediment Cocontaminated with Uranium and Nitrate Appl. Envir. Microbiol., August 1, 2004; 70(8): 4911 - 4920. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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P. Scheldeman, K. Goossens, M. Rodriguez-Diaz, A. Pil, J. Goris, L. Herman, P. De Vos, N. A. Logan, and M. Heyndrickx Paenibacillus lactis sp. nov., isolated from raw and heat-treated milk Int J Syst Evol Microbiol, May 1, 2004; 54(3): 885 - 891. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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J.-S. Lee, Y.-R. Pyun, and K. S. Bae Transfer of Bacillus ehimensis and Bacillus chitinolyticus to the genus Paenibacillus with emended descriptions of Paenibacillus ehimensis comb. nov. and Paenibacillus chitinolyticus comb. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol, May 1, 2004; 54(3): 929 - 933. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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L. A. Romanenko, M. Uchino, E. Falsen, N. V. Zhukova, V. V. Mikhailov, and T. Uchimura Rheinheimera pacifica sp. nov., a novel halotolerant bacterium isolated from deep sea water of the Pacific Int J Syst Evol Microbiol, November 1, 2003; 53(6): 1973 - 1977. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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J.-H. Yoon, I.-G. Kim, K. H. Kang, T.-K. Oh, and Y.-H. Park Bacillus marisflavi sp. nov. and Bacillus aquimaris sp. nov., isolated from sea water of a tidal flat of the Yellow Sea in Korea Int J Syst Evol Microbiol, September 1, 2003; 53(5): 1297 - 1303. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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H. Matsuyama, I. Yumoto, T. Kudo, and O. Shida Rhodococcus tukisamuensis sp. nov., isolated from soil Int J Syst Evol Microbiol, September 1, 2003; 53(5): 1333 - 1337. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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A. P. Uetanabaro, C. Wahrenburg, W. Hunger, R. Pukall, C. Sproer, E. Stackebrandt, V. P. de Canhos, D. Claus, and D. Fritze Paenibacillus agarexedens sp. nov., nom. rev., and Paenibacillus agaridevorans sp. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol, July 1, 2003; 53(4): 1051 - 1057. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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J.-H. Yoon, K. H. Kang, and Y.-H. Park Halobacillussalinus sp. nov., isolated from a salt lake on the coast of the East Sea in Korea Int J Syst Evol Microbiol, May 1, 2003; 53(3): 687 - 693. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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L. A. Romanenko, M. Uchino, V. V. Mikhailov, N. V. Zhukova, and T. Uchimura Marinomonas primoryensis sp. nov., a novel psychrophile isolated from coastal sea-ice in the Sea of Japan Int J Syst Evol Microbiol, May 1, 2003; 53(3): 829 - 832. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 N. I. Martin, H. Hu, M. M. Moake, J. J. Churey, R. Whittal, R. W. Worobo, and J. C. Vederas Isolation, Structural Characterization, and Properties of Mattacin (Polymyxin M), a Cyclic Peptide Antibiotic Produced by Paenibacillus kobensis M J. Biol. Chem., April 4, 2003; 278(15): 13124 - 13132. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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M. R. Enright, J. O. McInerney, and C. T. Griffin Characterization of endospore-forming bacteria associated with entomopathogenic nematodes, Heterorhabditis spp., and description of Paenibacillus nematophilus sp. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol, March 1, 2003; 53(2): 435 - 441. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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J.-H. Yoon, H.-M. Oh, B.-D. Yoon, K. H. Kang, and Y.-H. Park Paenibacillus kribbensis sp. nov. and Paenibacillus terrae sp. nov., bioflocculants for efficient harvesting of algal cells Int J Syst Evol Microbiol, January 1, 2003; 53(1): 295 - 301. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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S. Yamaguchi and M. Yokoe A Novel Protein-Deamidating Enzyme from Chryseobacterium proteolyticum sp. nov., a Newly Isolated Bacterium from Soil Appl. Envir. Microbiol., August 1, 2000; 66(8): 3337 - 3343. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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H. J. Ruijssenaars, J. A. M. de Bont, and S. Hartmans A Pyruvated Mannose-Specific Xanthan Lyase Involved in Xanthan Degradation by Paenibacillus alginolyticus XL-1 Appl. Envir. Microbiol., June 1, 1999; 65(6): 2446 - 2452. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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