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1Department of Microbiology and Center for Biological Resource Recovery, University of Georgia. Athens, Georgia 30602
2German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
3Department of Microbiology, University of Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
4Zentrum für Ultrastrukturforschung and Ludwig Boltzmann-Institut für Molekulare Nanotechnologie, Universität für Bodenkultur, A-1180 Vienna, Austria
* Corresponding author. Phone: (706) 542-2651. Fax: (706) 542-2674. Electronic mail address: jwiegel{at}uga.edu.
ABSTRACT
More than 40 isolates of a novel, ubiquitous, proteolytic, moderately alkaliphilic, thermophilic obligate anaerobe were obtained from geothermally and anthropogenically heated environments and mesobiotic environments located on three continents. Whole-cell protein sodium dodecyl sulfate gel electrophoresis revealed that most of these organisms are very similar. Eight of the isolates were characterized in detail; this analysis included 16S ribosomal DNA sequence analysis. The cells of those organisms are (depending on the isolate) 0.5 to 0.8 µm in diameter and 1.5 to 13 µm long, exhibit tumbling motility, and have a positive Gram stain reaction. The temperature range for growth is 43° to 75°C (optimum temperature, 66°C), and the pH range for growth is 5.4 to 9.5 (optimum pH, 8.2); the shortest doubling time is around 10 min. Yeast extract is required for growth, and (depending on the strain) glucose, sucrose, fructose, galactose, and ribose are utilized. The fermentation products from glucose in the presence of yeast extract are CO2, H2, acetate, formate, and ethanol. The G+C content is 30 to 31 mol%. On the basis of these properties, which differentiate these strains from all alkalitolerant thermophiles described previously, and the results of a comparison of the 16S ribosomal DNA sequences of these organisms with previously described sequences, we propose that our isolates be placed in a single species of the new genus Thermobrachium; strain JW/YL-NZ35 is the type strain of the the type species, Thermobrachium celere.
Present address: Department of Microbiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana. IL 61801. This article has been cited by other articles:
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  V. Kevbrin, Y. Boltyanskaya, E. Garnova, and J. Wiegel Anaerobranca zavarzinii sp. nov., an anaerobic, alkalithermophilic bacterium isolated from Kamchatka thermal fields Int J Syst Evol Microbiol, June 1, 2008; 58(6): 1486 - 1491. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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H. Shiratori, H. Ohiwa, H. Ikeno, S. Ayame, N. Kataoka, A. Miya, T. Beppu, and K. Ueda Lutispora thermophila gen. nov., sp. nov., a thermophilic, spore-forming bacterium isolated from a thermophilic methanogenic bioreactor digesting municipal solid wastes Int J Syst Evol Microbiol, April 1, 2008; 58(4): 964 - 969. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 R. N. Ledbetter, S. A. Connon, A. L. Neal, A. Dohnalkova, and T. S. Magnuson Biogenic Mineral Production by a Novel Arsenic-Metabolizing Thermophilic Bacterium from the Alvord Basin, Oregon Appl. Envir. Microbiol., September 15, 2007; 73(18): 5928 - 5936. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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S. I. Alam, A. Dixit, G. S. N. Reddy, S. Dube, M. Palit, S. Shivaji, and L. Singh Clostridium schirmacherense sp. nov., an obligately anaerobic, proteolytic, psychrophilic bacterium isolated from lake sediment of Schirmacher Oasis, Antarctica. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol, April 1, 2006; 56(Pt 4): 715 - 720. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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