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Natronococcus amylolyticus sp. nov., a Haloalkaliphilic Archaeon

¹ Department of Bioengineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 227, Japan
² Laboratory of Microbiology, Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN), 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351–01, Japan

^* Corresponding author. Present address: Department of Applied Bioiagical Science School of Agricultural Sciences. Nagoya Univerisity Chikusa, Nagoya, Aichi 464–01 Japan. Phone: 81-52-789-4086. Fax: 81-52-789-4087. Electronic mail address: 145557a{at}nucc.cc.nagoya-u.ac.jp.

ABSTRACT

The -amylase-producing haloalkaliphilic archaeon Natronococcus sp. strain Ah-36^T (T = type strain) was isolated previously from a Kenyan soda lake, Lake Magadi. Most cells of strain Ah-36^T occurred in irregular clusters, and the colonies were orange-red. The polar lipids of this organism were composed of C₂₀, C₂₀ and C₂₀, C₂₅ derivatives of phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylglycerophosphate. Phosphatidylglycero-(cyclo-) phosphate, which is characteristic of Natronococcus occultus, was not detected. The complete nucleotide sequence of the 16S rRNA gene revealed that the closest relative of strain Ah-36^T is N. occultus ATCC43101¹ (level of similarity, 96.4%), an extremely halophilic archaeon. However, strain Ah-36^T did not exhibit a significant level of DNA homology to N. occultus ATCC43101^T, which represents the only previously described species in the genus Natronococcus. We describe a new species for strain Ah-36^T, for which we propose the name Natronococcus amylolyticus.

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