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Spiroplasma velocicrescens sp. nov., from the Vespid Wasp Monobia quadridens

¹ Insect Biocontrol Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, Maryland 20705
² Mycoplasma Section, Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Frederick Cancer Research Facility, Frederick, Maryland 21701
³ Laboratoire de Biologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire, Institut Nationale de la Recherche Agronomique, Pont-de-la-Maye, France
⁴ Department of Anatomical Sciences, State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794

^* Corresponding author.

ABSTRACT

Spiroplasma strain MQ-4^T(T = type strain), which was isolated from the hemolymph of the vespid wasp Monobia quadridens, was serologically distinct from other spiroplasma species, groups, putative groups, and subgroups. Each strain MQ-4^Tcell was helical and motile and was surrounded by a single cytoplasmic membrane; there was no evidence of a cell wall. The strain grew well in 1% serum fraction medium, as well as in SM-1, M1D, and SP-4 liquid media, under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Strain MQ-4^Tgrew at temperatures ranging from 10 to 41°C but did not grow at 43°C. The strain grew optimally at 37°C with a doubling time of 0.6 h, the shortest doubling time recorded for any spiroplasma. Strain MQ-4^Tcatabolized glucose and arginine but did not hydrolyze urea. The guanine-plus-cytosine content of the DNA was about 27.5 ± 1 mol%. The genome size was 1,480 kbp (940 MDa). Strain MQ-4 (= ATCC 35262) is designated the type strain of a new species, Spiroplasma velocicrescens.