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1 National Institute of Bioscience and Human-Technology, Agency of Industrial Science and Technology, 1-1 Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
2 Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Konishi Co., 5-6-3 Yokokawa, Sumida-ku, Tokyo 130, Japan
3 Tsukuba Laboratory, Taki Chemical Co., Ltd., 2-1-6 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
4 Shimidzu Institute, Marine Biotechnology Institute Co., Ltd., 1900 Sodeshi, Shimidzu, Shizuoka 424, Japan
* Corresponding author. Mailing address: National Institute of Bioscience and Human-Technology, Agency of Industrial Science and Technology, 1-1 Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan.
ABSTRACT
Polyphosphate-accumulating bacteria that were previously isolated from activated sludge and exhibited high phosphate removal activity were studied taxonomically and phylogenetically. These organisms were gram-positive, coccus-shaped, aerobic chemoorganotrophs that had a strictly respiratory type of metabolism in which oxygen was a terminal electron acceptor. They accumulated large amounts of polyphosphate under aerobic conditions. The major quinone was menaquinone MK-9(H4). The cell wall peptidoglycan contained LL-diaminopimelic acid. The guanine-plus-cytosine content of the DNA was 67.9 mol%. Our isolates were similar phenotypically and chemotaxonomically to Luteococcus japonicus, which was proposed recently as a new genus and species. However, our isolates differed from L. japonicus in cellular fatty acid composition and some other traits. A phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA sequences showed that our isolate differ from the genus Luteococcus and other genera belonging to the high-G+C-content gram-positive group. Accordingly, we concluded that our strain NM-1T (T = type strain) should be assigned to a new genus and species, for which we propose the name Microlunatus phosphovorus.
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