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Taxonomic Descriptions of Eight New Non-Sterol-Requiring Mollicutes Assigned to the Genus Mesoplasma

JOSEPH G. TULLY^1,*, ROBERT F. WHITCOMB², KEVIN J. HACKETT², DAVID L. ROSE^1,, ROBERTA B. HENEGAR², JOSEPH M. BOVɳ, PATRICIA CARLE³, DAVID L. WILLIAMSON⁴ and TRUMAN B. CLARK^2,

¹Mycoplasma Section, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Frederick Cancer Research and Development Center, Frederick, Maryland 21702
²Insect Biocontrol Laboratory, U. S. Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, Maryland 20705
³Laboratoire de Biologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire, Institut National Recherche Agronomique and Université de Bordeaux II, 33883 Villenave d'Ornon Cedex, France
⁴Department of Anatomical Sciences, State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 117944

^* Corresponding author. Mycoplasma Section, NIAID, Bldg. 550, Frederick Cancer Res. Dev. Center, Frederick, MD 21702. Phone: (301) 846-1192. Fax: (301) 846-5165.

ABSTRACT

Twenty mollicute strains isolated primarily from insect hosts were characterized and arranged into eight new species in the genus Mesoplasma. Morphological examination of the organisms by electron and dark-field microscopic techniques revealed that the cells of each strain were small, nonhelical, nonmotile, pleomorphic, and coccoid and that each cell was surrounded by a single cytoplasmic membrane with no evidence of a cell wall. Although the new mollicutes grew well in media containing horse or fetal bovine serum, growth in serum-free or cholesterol-free medium occurred only when the medium contained 0.04% polyoxyethylene sorbitan (Tween 80). The optimum temperature for growth was usually 30°C, but multiplication generally occurred over a temperature range of 10 to 32°C. All strains catabolized glucose. Most strains did not hydrolyze arginine or urea, although three related strains isolated from fireflies (the strain PUPA-2^T [T = type strain] group) did hydrolyze arginine. The genome sizes ranged from 825 to 930 kbp, and the DNA base compositions (guanine-plus-cytosine contents) ranged from 26.5 to 31.6 mol%. The proposed type strains of the eight new species were not serologically related to the type strains of four other Mesoplasma species, five Entomoplasma species, 11 Acholeplasma species, and 100 Mycoplasma species and subspecies. Strain PS-1 (= ATCC 49582) is the type strain of Mesoplasma pleciae sp. nov., strain PUPA-2 (= ATCC 49581) is the type strain of Mesoplasma photuris sp. nov., strain YJS (= ATCC 43706) is the type strain of Mesoplasma syrphidae sp. nov., strain CHPA-2 (= ATCC 49578) is the type strain of Mesoplasma chauliocola sp. nov., strain ELCA-2 (= ATCC 49579) is the type strain of Mesoplasma corruscae sp. nov., strain GRUA-1 (= ATCC 49580) is the type strain of Mesoplasma grammopterae sp. nov., strain BARC 779 (= ATCC 49583) is the type strain of Mesoplasma coleopterae sp. nov., and strain BARC 857 (= ATCC 49584) is the type strain of Mesoplasma tabanidae sp. nov.

Present address: 8602 Cinnamon Creek, San Antonio, TX 78284.

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