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Rhodoplanes gen. nov., a New Genus of Phototrophic Bacteria Including Rhodopseudomonas rosea as Rhodoplanes roseus comb. nov. and Rhodoplanes elegans sp. nov.

Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Konishi Co., Yokokawa, Sumida-ku, Tokyo 130, Japan

^* Corresponding author. Present address: Central Research Laboratories (LK), Ajinomoto Co., Inc., Suzuki-cho 1-1, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki 210, Japan. Phone: 044-244-7181. Fax: 044-246-2867.

ABSTRACT

Two new strains (AS130 and AS140) of phototrophic purple nonsulfur bacteria isolated from activated sludge were characterized and compared with Rhodopseudomonas rosea and some other species of the genus Rhodopseudomonas. The new isolates produced pink photosynthetic cultures, had rod-shaped cells that divided by budding, and formed intracytoplasmic membranes of the lamellar type together with bacteriochlorophyll a and carotenoids of the normal spirilloxanthin series. They were also characterized by their capacity for complete denitrification and their production of both ubiquinone-10 and rhodoquinone-10 as major quinones. The isolates were phenotypically most similar to R. rosea but exhibited low levels of genomic DNA hybridization to this species and to all other Rhodopseudomonas species compared. Phylogenetic analyses on the basis of PCR-amplified 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that our isolates and R. rosea formed a cluster distinct from other members of the genus Rhodopseudomonas. The phenotypic, genotypic, and phylogenetic data show that the new isolates and R. rosea should be placed in a new single genus rather than included in the genus Rhodopseudomonas. Thus, we propose to transfer R. rosea to a new genus, Rhodoplanes, as Rhodoplanes roseus gen. nov., comb. nov. (type species) and to designate strains AS130 and AS140 a new species, Rhodoplanes elegans sp. nov.

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