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Int J Syst Bacteriol 44 (1994), 651-658; DOI 10.1099/00207713-44-4-651
© 1994 Society for General Microbiology
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Cellular Fatty Acid Composition as a Chemotaxonomic Marker for the Differentiation of Phenospecies and Hybridization Groups in the Genus Aeromonas

GEERT HUYS1,*, MARC VANCANNEYT1, RENATA COOPMAN1, PAUL JANSSEN1, ENEVOLD FALSEN2, MARTIN ALTWEGG3 and KAREL KERSTERS1

1Laboratorium voor Microbiologie, Universiteit Gent, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
2Department of Clinical Bacteriology, University of Göteborg, S-413 46 Göteborg, Sweden
3Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie der Universität Zürich, CH-8028 Zürich, Switzerland

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Laboratorium voor Microbiologie, Universiteit Gent, K.-L. Ledeganckstr. 35, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. Phone: 32.9 2645121. Fax: 32.9 2645346.

ABSTRACT

Ninety genotypically characterized Aeromonas strains, including members of all 14 currently established genospecies, were studied by performing gas-liquid chromatographic analysis of their cellular fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs). A total of 44 fatty acids and two alcohols were found in members of the genus Aeromonas. All 90 strains contained 12:0, 13:0 iso, 14:0, 15:0 iso 3OH, 16:0, 16:1 {omega}7c, 17:0 iso, iso 17:1 {omega}9c, summed feature 3 (16:1 iso I and/or 14:0 3OH), and summed feature 7 (18:1 {omega}7c, 18:1 {omega}9t, and/or 18:1 {omega}12t), whereas all but one strain (99%) also contained 15:0 iso. Although the FAME profiles were very similar, minor quantitative variations could be used to differentiate phenospecies and/or hybridization groups. A cluster analysis of the mean data revealed five FAME clusters, which were compared with phenotypic and genotypic groups identified in the genus Aeromonas. Hybridization groups that constituted the Aeromonas hydrophila complex, the Aeromonas caviae complex, and the Aeromonas sobria complex were basically grouped into distinct FAME clusters. The taxonomic positions of hybridization groups 7 and 11 in these clusters, however, remained unclear. All of our results were highly reproducible. A new database of Aeromonas FAME fingerprints was generated, and this database can be used for rapid identification of unknown aeromonads. Using a large set of well-characterized aeromonads, we demonstrated for the first time that gas-liquid chromatographic FAME analysis can be used to differentiate the majority of the phenospecies and/or hybridization groups in the genus Aeromonas.




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