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1Department of Biochemical and Biophysical Sciences, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5934
2Laboratoire de Microbiologie, Institut de Botanique de l'Université de Neuchçtel, CH-2007 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
3Abteilung Mikrobiologie, Gesellschaft für Biotechnologische Forschung, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
* Corresponding author. Phone: (713) 743-8363. Fax: (713) 743-8351. Electronic mail address: fox{at}uh.edu.
ABSTRACT
The genus Hydrogenobacter consists of extremely thermophilic, obligately chemolithotrophic organisms that exhibit anaerobic anabolism but aerobic catabolism. Preliminary studies of the phylogenetic position of these organisms based on limited 16S ribosomal DNA sequence data suggested that they belong to one of the earliest branching orders of the Bacteria. In this study, the complete 16S ribosomal DNA sequences of two type strains, Hydrogenobacter thermophilus TK-6 and Calderobacterium hydrogenophilum Z-829, and another isolate, Hydrogenobacter sp. strain T3, were determined, and the phylogenetic positions of these organisms were examined. Our results revealed that the two type strains are members of a single genus, the genus Hydrogenobacter. Our results also verified the previous conclusion that the Aquifex-Hydrogenobacter complex belongs to a very early branching order, the "Aquificales." Within this order, the relationships among the various organisms are such that only a single family, the "Aquificaceae," can be recognized at this time. Given the early branching point of the "Aquificales," the characteristics of these organisms support the view that the last common ancestor of existing life was thermophilic and suggest that this ancestor may have fixed carbon chemoautotrophically.
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