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Mycobacterium madagascariense sp. nov.

¹Division of Veterinary Medical Microbiology, Research Institute of Borstel, Institute for Experimental Biology and Medicine, D-2061 Borstel, Germany
²Molecular Biology Section, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
³Department of Microbiology, Centre of Bacterial Diversity and Identification, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, Australia
⁴Center for Research of Biochemistry and Cell Genetics, Centre National de la Recherche Scientific, Toulouse, France
⁵Institute for Botany, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany
⁶Institute for General Microbiology, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany

^* Corresponding author.

ABSTRACT

Strains of a new type of rapidly growing, scotochromogenic mycobacterium were isolated from sphagnum vegetation in Madagascar. These strains grew at 31 and 22°C but not at 37°C, possessed catalase, acid phosphatase, and arylsulfatase activities, split urea and pyrazinamid, hydrolyzed Tween, and produced acid from glucose, L-arabinose, fructose, mannitol, rhamnose, sorbitol, xylose, and trehalose. Furthermore, they metabolized iron and possessed putrescine oxidase activity but did not reduce nitrate. The internal similarity level of the strains, as determined by taxonomic methods, was 92.50%. The phylogenetic relationships of strain P2^T (T = type strain) with members of the genus Mycobacterium, as determined by comparing the 16S rRNA primary structure of this strain with the 16S rRNA primary structure of this stain with the 16S rRNA primary structures of 41 other mycobacterial species, indicated that strain P2^T belongs to a separate line of descent within a cluster that includes Mycobacterium phlei, Mycobacterium smegmatis, Mycobacterium confluentis, Mycobacterium flavescens, and Mycobacterium thermoresistibile. Hence, the new strains are considered members of a new species of nonpathogenic, rapidly growing mycobacteria, for which we propose the name Mycobacterium madagascariense. Strain P2 is the type strain; a culture of this strain has been deposited in the American Type Culture Collection as strain ATCC 49865.

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