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Pantoea punctata sp. nov., Pantoea citrea sp. nov., and Pantoea terrea sp. nov. Isolated from Fruit and Soil Samples

Bio-Process Research & Development, Production Department, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., 2-1-3, Terajima Kuise, Amagasaki City, Hyogo 660, Japan

^* Corresponding author.

ABSTRACT

A total of 37 bacterial strains with the general characteristics of the family Enterobacteriaceae were isolated from fruit and soil samples in Japan as producers of 2,5-diketo-D-gluconic acid from D-glucose. These organisms were phenotypically most closely related to the genus Pantoea (F. Gavini, J. Mergaert, A. Beji, C. Mielearek, D. Izard, K. Kersters, and J. De Ley, Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 39:337-345, 1989) and were divided into three phenotypic groups. We selected nine representative strains from the three groups for an examination of DNA relatedness, as determined by the S1 nuclease method at 60°C. Strain SHS 2003^T (T = type strain) exhibited 30 to 41 and 28 to 33% DNA relatedness to the strains belonging to the strain SHS 2006^T group (strains SHS 2004, SHS 2005, SHS 2006^T, and SHS 2007) and to the strains belonging to the strain SHS 2008^T group (strains SHS 2008^T, SHS 2009, SHS 2010, and SHS 2011), respectively. Strain SHS 2006^T exhibited 38 to 46% DNA relatedness to the strains belonging to the strain SHS 2008^T group. The levels of DNA relatedness within the strain SHS 2006^T group and within the strain SHS 2008^T group were more than 85 and 71%, respectively. Strain SHS 2003^T, SHS 2006^T, and SHS 2008^T DNAs exhibited less than 18% binding to Pantoea dispersa ATCC 14589^T and Pantoea agglomerans ATCC 27155^T DNAs. On the basis of phenotypic characteristics, DNA base compositions, and the results of DNA relatedness studies, the nine strains which we studied were considered to be new species of the genus Pantoea, and the names Pantoea citrea, Pantoea punctata, and Pantoea terrea are proposed for strains belonging to the strain SHS 2003^T, SHS 2006^T, and SHS 2008^T groups, respectively. P. citrea SHS 2003^T, P. punctata SHS 2006^T, and P. terrea SHS 2008^T have been deposited in the American Type Culture Collection as strains ATCC 31623^T ("Erwinia citreus"), ATCC 31626^T ("Erwinia punctata"), and ATCC 31628^T ("Erwinia terreus"), respectively.

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