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Towards an Improved Taxonomy of Xanthomonas

¹Laboratorium voor Microbiologie en Microbiële Genetica, Rijksuniversiteit, Ledeganckstraat 35, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
²Department of Plant Pathology, International Rice Research Institute, Manila, The Philippines
³Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
⁴Department of Microbiology, New York University Medical School, New York, New York 10016
⁵ADAS Central Science Laboratory, Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, Hatching Green, Harpenden AL5 2BD. Great Britain
⁶Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, Maryland 20705
⁷Department of Microbiology, University of Queensland, St. Lucia 4067, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
⁸Laboratoire de Phytopathologie, UniversitÉ Catholique de Louvain, B-1348 Louvainla-Neuve, Belgium
⁹Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611
¹⁰Department of Plant Pathology, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68583-0722
¹¹Commonwealth Mycological Institute, Kew, Surrey TW9 3AF, Great Britain

^* Corresponding author.

ABSTRACT

Improvement of the taxonomy of the genus Xanthomonas and especially of Xanthomonas campestris, which is subdivided into more than 125 pathovars, is discussed. Recent contributions to the taxonomy of Xanthomonas are reviewed, and on the basis of these data and unpublished data from several laboratories, the usefulness of different phenotypic, chemotaxonomic, and genotypic techniques is discussed. The heterogeneity of several X. campestris pathovars has been demonstrated by sodium dodecyl sulfate electrophoresis of whole-cell proteins and fatty acid fingerprinting. The host selectivity of the pathovars is not correlated with their relationships as revealed by DNA-DNA hybridization experiments. In order to reveal the phylogenetic relationships among X. campestris pathovars and their relationships to other Xanthomonas species, it will be necessary to perform extensive DNA-DNA homology studies as an essential part of a polyphasic approach. At present, six DNA homology groups within X. campestris have been delineated. A systematic approach to improve the taxonomy of the genus Xanthomonas is proposed.

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