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Emendation of the Genus Acetivibrio and Description of Acetivibrio cellulosolvens sp. nov., a Nonmotile Cellulolytic Mesophile

Division of Biological Sciences, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0R6

^* Corresponding author.

ABSTRACT

The genus Acetivibrio is emended to include nonmotile, gram-negative, obligately anaerobic rods that produce acetic acid and ethanol from fermentation of carbohydrates. A new species, Acetivibrio cellulosolvens, which was isolated from a cellulose-enriched culture of sludge, is described. The colonies on agar are entire, raised, and cream colored. The cells are straight rods, gram-negative, nonsporeforming, and nonmotile. The isolate which we studied ferments cellobiose, cellulose, esculin, and salicin and does not require yeast extract or rumen fluid for growth. The major end products produced from cellobiose or cellulose are acetic acid, ethanol, CO₂, and H₂. Lactic acid and glucose also are produced in small amounts. The type strain of A. cellulosolvens is strains BAS (= NRC 2936).